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The core components of the planetary reducer include the sun gear, planetary gear, ring gear, and planet carrier. The sun gear is located in the center and receives and transmits power as part of the input shaft. The planetary gear revolves around the sun gear and rotates on its own at the same time, and is fixed on a specific track through the planet carrier. The ring gear is an inner gear ring that meshes with the inner gear of the planetary gear and eventually outputs the power to the outside.
The working principle of the planetary reducer is based on the meshing and transmission of gears. When power is transmitted to the sun gear through the input shaft, the sun gear begins to rotate. Since the planetary gear is connected to the sun gear through external meshing, the rotation of the sun gear will drive the planetary gear to rotate. Since the planetary gear is fixed on a specific track by the planet carrier, it will also revolve around the sun gear. This compound motion of rotation and revolution enables the planetary gear to adjust the speed and torque while transmitting power. When the planetary gear rotates, its outer teeth continuously mesh with the inner teeth of the ring gear, thereby transmitting power to the ring gear or the planet carrier. When the planet carrier is fixed, the rotation of the ring gear is the output of the planetary reducer, which is called a travel reducer; when the ring gear is fixed, the rotation of the output shaft driven by the planet carrier is the output of the planetary reducer, which is called a slewing reducer. This design enables the planetary reducer to achieve a larger transmission ratio in a smaller volume, thereby meeting the requirements of deceleration and torque increase.
The transmission ratio of the planetary reducer depends on the gear ratio of the sun gear and the ring gear. By adjusting the number of teeth of these gears, the transmission ratio can be flexibly changed to adapt to different working conditions. The transmission efficiency of the planetary reducer is also relatively high, because multiple planetary gears share the load at the same time, reducing the force on a single gear, reducing wear and energy loss. Planetary reducers are widely used in various mechanical equipment, such as wind turbines, industrial robots, aerospace equipment, heavy machinery, etc. They play an important role in deceleration, torque increase and transmission ratio adjustment in these equipment, which helps to improve the overall performance and operating efficiency of the equipment.
