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As an indispensable component of the hydraulic system, the basic working principle of the charge pump is to extract liquid from the low-pressure oil circuit by driving the piston or rotor in the pump body, and then efficiently transport the liquid to the high-pressure oil circuit through steps such as pressurization, filtration and cooling. This process not only ensures that the hydraulic system is always filled with oil, but also effectively avoids performance degradation or equipment damage caused by insufficient oil, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the entire hydraulic system.
In the design of the charge pump, there are several core elements that cannot be ignored. The first is the pump body structure. The charge pump usually adopts a variety of structural forms such as gear pumps, vane pumps or plunger pumps. Gear pumps are widely used in various hydraulic systems because of their simple structure, small size, light weight, stable operation and convenient maintenance. Specifically, gear pumps can be divided into external gear pumps and cycloid gear metering pumps. Their working principle is to rely on the meshing and rotation of gears to achieve oil pumping and ensure the efficient operation of the system.
Secondly, the displacement and pressure of the charge pump are key parameters in the design. The displacement is usually set according to the needs of the hydraulic system to ensure a stable charge pressure. In a closed hydraulic system, the displacement of the charge pump is generally set to about 20% to 25% of the main pump displacement to maintain the charge pressure at an ideal level. In addition, the charge pump is also equipped with an independent charge overflow valve to limit its maximum pressure and prevent the system from failing due to overload.
Materials and manufacturing processes are also important factors affecting the performance and service life of the charge pump. High-strength, corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant materials are usually used in the manufacture of key components such as pump bodies and gears to ensure their stability and durability under complex working conditions. At the same time, the fine manufacturing process is directly related to the sealing performance and working efficiency of the charge pump, and high-quality manufacturing processes can significantly improve the overall performance of the product.
The main function of the charge pump is to replenish the oil that is reduced in the hydraulic system due to leakage or consumption. Through continuous oil replenishment, it is ensured that the system is always full of oil, thereby maintaining the normal operation of the system. In addition, the charge pump also has the function of maintaining the stable pressure of the hydraulic system. When the system pressure decreases, the replenishment pump will automatically increase the displacement to replenish the oil and increase the pressure to ensure that the system operates within a safe range; when the system pressure is too high, the replenishment relief valve will open to release excess pressure to ensure the safety of the system.
During the replenishment process, the replenishment pump also assumes the function of oil cooling and filtering. By reducing the oil temperature and removing impurities, the replenishment pump not only improves the quality of the oil, but also enhances the reliability of the system. This series of functions makes the replenishment pump play a vital role in the hydraulic system, ensuring the efficiency and safety of the equipment, and is widely used in engineering machinery, metallurgy, mining, aerospace and other fields.
